Push for technology upgrades in India’s ammonia plants gains traction amid efficiency concerns
India’s fertiliser sector faces mounting urgency to modernise its ageing ammonia plants. Industry leaders, led by FAI, stress technological upgrades and efficiency to boost domestic production, reduce emissions and cut dependence on imported natural gas.
India’s fertiliser industry is reaching a turning point as pressure mounts to overhaul its ageing ammonia plants. With global competitiveness and domestic food security at stake, industry leaders are calling for urgent investments in technological upgrades and operational excellence.Background: Energy demands and reliance on gas importsAmmonia production is the backbone of India’s fertiliser sector, underpinning the country’s agricultural output. However, the industry remains heavily reliant on imported natural gas, which accounts for nearly 77 per cent of the feedstock used in fertiliser manufacturing, according to the Fertiliser Association of India (FAI). This dependency not only exposes the sector to international price volatility but also affects the cost structure and long-term sustainability of fertiliser production in India.Industry leaders highlight urgent need for plant upgradesSuresh Kumar Chaudhari emphasised that while India has commissioned new, state-of-the-art ammonia plants in recent years, a significant portion of its 36 operational units have been running for 25 to 50 years. These ageing facilities require continuous upgradation and adaptation of global best practices to remain efficient and safe.Efficiency, emissions and the sustainability imperativeenergy efficiency now paramount, the need to invest in upgrades is especially pressing for older plants. Delays could undermine India’s capacity to produce nearly 19 million tonnes of ammonia annually, impacting both domestic supply and the nation’s broader agricultural ambitions.Collaboration and knowledge sharing drive innovationMatix Fertilisers & Chemicals, Hindustan Urvarak & Rasayan Ltd (HURL), Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Ltd (IFFCO), and National Fertilizers Ltd (NFL), were present. Participants also toured Matix Fertilisers’ facility in Panagarh, gaining insights into modern operational and maintenance practices.Analysis: Modernisation as a pathway to resilienceLooking ahead: Building a sustainable fertiliser future